Focus on salt marsh ecosystem to support marine ecological protection and restoration
Release time：2024-08-22click：2
Coastal salt marshes are distributed in estuaries or seaside shoals. They are formed by the alternating interaction of land rivers and ocean tides. They contain rich animal and plant resources. Together with mangroves and seagrass beds, they are known as the three major coastal blue carbon ecosystems. They are the largest coastal blue carbon ecosystems in the East China Sea. One of the important typical ecosystems. As an ecological intersection connecting land and ocean, coastal salt marshes play important ecological service functions in maintaining biodiversity, fighting typhoon and storm surge disasters, purifying water bodies, regulating climate, and fixing sand and promoting siltation.
In recent years, due to the impact of invasion of alien species and coastal engineering construction, many coastal salt marsh ecosystems in the East China Sea are facing the risk of rapid degradation. In order to improve the service function of the salt marsh ecosystem and ensure the ecological security of the coastal zone, the East China Sea Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources deeply implements Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, adheres to the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are valuable assets", serves the national "double carbon" strategy, and focuses on the coastal areas. Salt marsh ecosystem issues, actively promote salt marsh surveys and early warning monitoring in sea areas, and provide solid support for fulfilling the core responsibilities of the Ministry of Natural Resources’ “two unifications”.
Understand the status of the salt marsh ecosystem to support the ecological restoration layout
The 2020 National Coastal Salt Marsh Survey is a natural resource The Ministry’s first special coastal zone work is mainly divided into on-site surveys and remote sensing surveys. As the leading technical unit, the Donghai Bureau overcame difficulties and actively explored and developed a set of highly operable coastal salt marsh survey technical methods during the on-site investigation process, and taught this method to each task-bearing unit through training and seminars; In the remote sensing survey, we continued to conduct remote sensing surveys on the distribution of coastal salt marsh ecosystems in the jurisdiction, and used drones to conduct refined surveys of some key areas, basically understanding the distribution status of the coastal salt marsh ecosystems in the East China Sea District.
Combining historical data, the Donghai Bureau conducted a comprehensive assessment of the damage status of coastal salt marsh ecosystems in key areas, identified damaged salt marsh areas based on the assessment results, and put forward targeted recommendations. The recommendations on the restoration layout of the coastal salt marsh ecosystem in the sea area provide technical support and basis for the protection and restoration of marine ecology in the sea area.
Carry out early warning and monitoring of salt marsh ecosystems to improve ecological restoration capabilities
In 2019, the East China Sea Bureau conducted a The seven ecological zones with the most severe impact of Spartina alterniflora organized early warning and monitoring work of Spartina alterniflora, systematically analyzed the impact of Spartina alterniflora invasion on salt marsh ecosystems, and compiled the "Spartina alterniflora Improvement" based on relevant survey data. Research Report", which puts forward suggestions for the management layout of Spartina alterniflora in my country's coastal zones.
In 2021, the East China Sea Bureau took the lead in organizing the preparation of the "Salt Marsh Early Warning and Monitoring Technical Guidelines", and continued to carry out coastal salt marsh early warning and monitoring work in key areas such as the Yangtze River Estuary and Hangzhou Bay, and established and continuously improved coastal salt marsh early warning and monitoring work. Salt marsh early warning monitoring technical methods and business system construction framework will comprehensively improve the risk early warning capabilities of coastal salt marsh ecosystems in key areas and provide reference for national salt marsh ecosystem early warning monitoring work.
On this basis, the Donghai Bureau will compile the Donghai District Salt Marsh Plant Bank in 2022 with reference to domestic authoritative plant bank data. The plant library records in detail the biological characteristics, growth environment and distribution areas of the main vegetation in the salt marsh ecosystem, providing a reference for salt marsh vegetation species selection and habitat condition reconstruction in marine ecological protection and restoration projects.
Promote salt marsh ecosystem carbon sink investigation to serve the national dual carbon strategy
To better serve the country’s “double carbon strategy” "Strategy, the Donghai Bureau continues to deepen its efforts in the field of salt marsh carbon sink investigation and assessment. The "Technical Procedures for Carbon Storage Investigation and Assessment of Coastal Salt Marsh Ecosystems", which is one of the series of procedures for the investigation and evaluation of carbon stocks in blue carbon ecosystems, has been compiled by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. It was issued and implemented by the Department; pilot surveys were carried out in many key areas such as Chongming Dongtan and Jiuduansha, and the carbon storage level of the typical coastal salt marsh ecosystem in the sea area was basically grasped.
In addition, the East China Sea Bureau has also selected some typical marine ecological protection and restoration areas to carry out synergistic surveys of marine ecological restoration and carbon sequestration, actively explore carbon sequestration technology paths and promote the evaluation of marine ecological restoration effectiveness. .
Postscript
On June 28, 2023, the third meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People’s Congress voted and passed It was decided to establish August 15 as National Ecology Day. Improving the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems, accelerating the implementation of major projects to protect and restore important ecosystems, and protecting the natural and ecological environment like protecting our eyes are the new requirements of the times for natural resource management. The East China Sea Bureau will adhere to the principle of ecological priority, continue to steadily promote marine ecological protection and restoration work, continue to pay attention to the distribution and changes of coastal ecosystems, establish and improve the salt marsh ecosystem survey and early warning monitoring technology system, and focus on promoting the investigation and assessment of blue carbon ecosystems. Provide technical support for coastal ecological security.
